Tax authorities in much of Europe look at trusts as a tax gimmick used by the wealthy as a tool to dodge taxes. However, trusts are commonly used as a tool in estate and succession planning in connection with generational transfers of family assets and businesses, the achievement of charitable purposes, and the protection of vulnerable individuals. In this context, the Italian tax authorities released Circular Letter No. 34/E in October, providing guidance on several key issues surrounding trusts. It provides many important clarifications making trusts more attractive for individuals resident in Italy and international families having one or more beneficiaries resident in Italy or wishing to relocate to Italy. Andrea Tavecchio, the Founder and Senior Partner of Tavecchio & Associati, Tax Advisers, Milan, and Riccardo Barone, a Partner at the same firm, explain how Italian tax authorities will treat various types of trusts in a logical way.