Determining Congressional intent is not often an easy task, especially when Congress has been silent, one way or the other. Nonetheless, when it comes to “downward attribution” of share ownership, the intent of Congress rises to the level of an enigma, at least in the eyes of Altria Group, Inc. As part of the T.C.J.A., the scope of Subpart F was expanded by eliminating a ban on the attribution of ownership in a series of foreign subsidiaries from a foreign parent corporation to all its U.S. subsidiaries. In a nutshell, all such foreign subsidiaries could be categorized as controlled foreign corporations or C.F.C.’s. This did not necessarily raise tax revenue as much as expose significant numbers of U.S. corporations to penalties for failing to file forms required of “U.S. Shareholders” of C.F.C.’s. The Treasury Department says the statutory language is clear with no room for carveouts. Altria looks to several items of legislative history and statements by leading senators to suggest otherwise. As Wooyoung Lee explains in his article, this is the substance of the tax dispute between Altria and the I.R.S., which is now before the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia.